The Implementation of Risk Management Policy in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Government Governance: A Study at the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of risk management policies in improving public governance effectiveness at the Ministry of ATR/BPN. A descriptive qualitative approach was used through in-depth interviews and document analysis involving regulations, internal guidelines, and the 2025 SPIP maturity assessment. The findings indicate that risk management has been carried out through the stages of identification, analysis, mitigation, and monitoring, although its effectiveness varies across units. Four main factors influence implementation outcomes: leadership commitment, human resource capacity, information system support, and organizational culture. Leadership commitment emerges as the most decisive factor because it shapes policy direction, execution consistency, and oversight quality. Risk management also contributes to strengthening internal control, as reflected in the ministry’s achievement of the “managed and measurable” SPIP maturity level. Overall, the study highlights risk management as an essential foundation for developing adaptive and accountable public governance.